Water Garden Plants
There are several classes of water garden plants
that are necessary in every pond.
The first thing
The first thing you want to understand
about water gardening is that the plants form a complete ecology within
the pond. If the ecology is right, the pond is healthy and the water is
clear. It is only when the pond ecology is "off" that the water goes
scudzy.
This is not like a soil-based garden. In one of those, you can
plant a single geranium in the middle of a vast expanse of ground and
it will grow quite nicely. If you put a single water garden plant in
the middle of a pond, you'll have nothing but problems from that pond.
Pickerel Weed
Floating or Bottom Planted
Water Hyacinths are easy to grow in full sun and a few go a long
way in the pond. Here's what you need to know.
Water
Lettuce will tolerate more shade than hyacinths.
Fairy
Moss or Azolla is a rampant spreader that will quickly
blanket a small pond. Useful as a fast shade cover and easily netted
out.
Duckweed
is perfect fish food, easy to grow and great for the pond.
Salvinia
is a fast spreading noxious weed we would do well to consider before
putting into our ponds (particularly in warmer climates).
Water
Snowflake or Nymphoides is a surface covering plant as well
(think tiny water lily only spreading) that comes in "hardy" as well as
"tropical" varieties.
Vallisneria
or Eel-Grass are planted directly on the pond bottom to form
a mat of green leaves.
Hardy Shallow Water Garden Plants
Shallow water garden plants are those that grow on the edges
of the pond in shallow water providing places for the wildlife to live
and flourish. These creatures (of all kinds) are the pond scavengers
eating the refuse and dying foliage, scouring the pond bottom for
decaying organic material as well as the beneficial insects such as
dragonflies.
Arrowhead
or Sagittaria latifolia has arrow shaped
leaves and grows almost anywhere it is wet. Here are the details.
Bullrush
or Typha is a classic shallow water plant. Here's how to grow
it as well as use it as a cut flower. Both with warnings and remedies.
Buckbean
or Menyanthes is an easy plant to grow if
you give it acidic soils. Here are the rest of the details.
Pickerelweed
has always been one of my favourite pond plants. Here's how to grow it.
Scouring
Rush is an interesting but aggressive spreading plant that
should always be grown in a container.
Lysichiton
or Skunk Cabbage are one of the larger leaved plants for
boggy areas. Here's the trick to get those monster leaves.
Water
Celery or Oenanthe is easily grown (a bit invasive) and the
variety'Flamingo' has multi-colored leaves.